“
“Objective. The aim was to determine the influence of patient age, gender, body mass index (BMI), amount of dental restorations, and implants on image quality of cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).

Methods. Fifty CBCT scans of a preretail version of Galileos (Sirona, Germany) were investigated retrospectively by 4 observers regarding image quality of 6 anatomic structures, pathologic findings detection, subjective exposure quality, and artifacts. Patient age, BMI, gender, amount of

P-gp inhibitor dental restorations, and implants were recorded and statistically tested for correlations to image quality.

Results. A negative effect on image quality was found statistically significantly correlated with age and the amount of dental restorations. None of the investigated image features were garbled by any of the investigated influence factors.

Conclusions. Age and the amount of dental restorations appear to have a negative impact on CBCT image quality, NSC23766 solubility dmso whereas gender and BMI do not. Image quality of mental foramen, mandibular canal, and nasal floor are affected negatively by age but not by the amount of dental restorations. Further

studies are required to elucidate influence factors on CBCT image quality. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: e108-e116)”
“Fluorescent cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were prepared through a two-step LY3023414 approach. Reactive amino groups were first introduced onto the CNCs through a silanization reaction with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The fluorescent moieties were then attached onto the cellulose by covalent grafting between the amino groups and 1-pyrenebutyric acid

N-hydroxy succinimide ester or fluorescein isothiocyanate. The synthesized fluorescent CNCs were investigated and characterized with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The same fluorescent functionalization strategy could also be applied to other cellulose materials, such as microcrystalline cellulose and bulky paper sheets. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 3639-3644, 2010″
“As systemic cancer therapies have improved, the natural history and importance of treating brain metastases continues to evolve. Historically, most patients with brain metastases have been managed with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) with surgical resection or radiosurgery added for patients with single or few metastases. Because the potential late toxicity of WBRT is increasingly recognized when systemic tumor is more effectively controlled, there has been increased interest in the use of focal therapies such as radiosurgery with deferred WBRT even for patients with larger numbers of metastases.

A coaxial feed method is proposed to excite both the forward and backward guided modes. The passband of the proposed structure ranges from 4.28GHz to 6.83GHz, below the cutoff frequency of the fundamental mode of the hollow waveguide (similar to 15 GHz). Physical size of the waveguide has been dramatically decreased. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3554268]“
“Secondary metabolites (SMs) play key roles in pathogen responses, although knowledge of their precise functions is limited

by insufficient characterization of their spatial response. The present study addressed this issue in Arabidopsis leaves by non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst-AvrRpm1) infected and adjacent uninfected leaf Dinaciclib molecular weight tissues. While overlap was observed between infected and uninfected areas, the non-targeted metabolite profiles of these regions differed quantitatively and clustering analysis underscores a differential distribution of SMs within

distinct metabolic pathways. Targeted metabolite profiling revealed that infected tissues accumulate more salicylic acid and the characteristic phytoalexin of Arabidopsis, camalexin, than uninfected adjacent areas. On the contrary, the antioxidant coumarin derivative, scopoletin, was induced in infected tissues while its glucoside scopolin predominated in adjacent tissues. To elucidate the still unclear relationship between the accumulation of SMs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and signalling, a catalase-deficient line (cat2) in which ROS selleck find more signalling is up-regulated, was used. Metabolic analysis of cat2 suggests that some SMs have important interactions with ROS in redox homeostasis during the hypersensitive response to Pst-AvrRpm1. Overall, the study demonstrates that ROS availability influences both the amount and the pattern of infection-induced SM accumulation.”
“Abdominal pseudocyst formation is a rare adult complication associated with ventriculoperitoneal

(VP) shunts. Presenting symptoms are primarily abdominal and include distention, pain and anorexia, and secondarily neurological with signs and symptoms of shunt malfunction. We describe a case of VP shunt-related pseudocyst formation presenting as symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse with stage 4 enterocele 4 years after VP shunt placement. The patient’s vaginal enterocele enlarged and became more symptomatic as intra-abdominal cyst formation expanded. Symptomatic relief of pelvic floor symptomatology including resolution of exteriorized prolapse was established by conservative measures and eventual VP shunt revision and removal. VP shunt malfunction may present as symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse and may require shunt removal or revision for resolution of symptoms.”
“Sintered [Nd(0.45)(La(r)Dy(1))(1/(r+1)*0.55)](2.6)Fe(14)B magnets (r = 1 to 3) were studied.

[doi:10.1063/1.3553863]“
“Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were prepared by a melting-compounding process with a montmorillonite (MMT) suspension. In this process, an AZD8186 supplier organically modified MMT was swollen in a polar solvent and blended with molten PP in an extruder; this was followed by solvent removal. The effect of a coswelling agent was also evaluated. The nanocomposites were characterized with X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry,

and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the mechanical properties of the materials were studied. The nanocomposites prepared with the clay suspension presented a remarkable increase in the impact strength with the maintenance of their flexural modulus. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were found to be related to the interaction between PP and the clay. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 389-394, 2011″
“Objective. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the antimicrobial activity of gray-colored MTA (GMTA) and white-colored MTA (WMTA) is related to the induction

of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Study design. In vitro antimicrobial activity of MTA was carried out using E. coli mutant (AB2463-RecA13), triple mutant (BW535), and wild type (AB1157). The diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar (MHA) was used. A base layer was made using MHA agar and 4 wells were made by removing agar at equidistant points. MTA was placed into the wells immediately after manipulation. The plates were incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 hours Selleck GS-9973 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Afterward the zones of inhibition were measured. Also the damage caused to the plasmid DNA in the presence of the cement was evaluated through 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis.

Results. It was possible to ATM/ATR 抑制�?临床试验 observe a zone of inhibition under aerobic conditions promoted by both cements on both of the mutant E. coli but not in the wild-type E. coli. On the other hand, both cements were not able to induce any bacterial

inhibition under anaerobic conditions, suggesting that the inhibitory action is a result of ROS production. Both cements promoted damage in the DNA plasmid when compared with distilled water (control).

Conclusion. We concluded that MTA under aerobic conditions provoked antimicrobial activity by induction of ROS. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity occurred by damage caused directly to the bacterial DNA. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109:e109-e112)”
“The temperature and magnetic field dependence of conductivity has been used to probe the inter-tube transport in multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The scanning electron microscopy images show highly aligned and random distribution of MWNTs.

However, nonheart-transplant specific risk factors should also be considered to develop risk profiles and treatment algorithms for individual patients. Data on surgical wound complications in general heart surgery patients and in heart transplant recipients are compared, the impact of modern immunosuppression reviewed, and areas for further investigation discussed.”
“Immobilization of PLP-dependent

enzymes requires specific studies due to their special cofactor-enzyme bond. These enzymes were immobilized using different methods, and the recombinant serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) was used as a selleck chemicals case study. The immobilization of SHMT on glyoxal-agarose resulted in a high retention yield (70%); however, the reduction step caused an enzymatic activity loss of 80%. The immobilization on Eupergit (R) C was optimized by considering different ionic strengths, pH and temperatures. SHMT reached 53% retention selleck screening library on this support. Although the enzymatic activity of the derivative decreased by 36% during

the treatment with methylamine and washing, it was totally recovered by incubation with the cofactor. SHMT immobilized on Eupergit (R) C gained thermal stability with respect to the soluble enzyme. Finally. 6-His-tagged SHMT was adsorbed very rapidly on IMAC supports and reached a 98% immobilization yield and enzymatic retention. The capacity of Eupergit (R) C beads to immobilize PLP-dependent enzymes was corroborated by the immobilization of alanine racemase and aspartate aminotransferase. The final immobilization yields were 85 and 74% respectively, and the derivatives were two- and nine-fold more stable than the soluble enzymes. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Study Design. Prospective clinical electromyographic study in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and control group.

Objective. To evaluate electromyographic amplitude from erector spinae muscles of patients with idiopathic find more scoliosis in comparison with control volunteers

without spinal deformities.

Summary of Background Data. Previous studies have indicated an increased electromyographic activity in paravertebral muscles in the convex side of the scoliotic curvature. However, in previous studies there is the absence or poor description of methods used, and some studies were conducted before the recording and processing recommendations for surface electromyographic signals had been described.

Methods. Thirty individuals, matched by sex, age, and body mass index, were divided into two groups: scoliosis and control. The electric activity of the erector spinae muscles was determined by surface electromyography on both sides of the three levels of spine: T8, L2, and L5.

Results.

These results suggest that ripening-associated ethylene (system 2) in wild-type tomato fruit consists of two parts: a small part regulated by a developmental factor through the ethylene-independent expression of LeACS2 and LeACS4 and a large part regulated by an autocatalytic system due to the ethylene-dependent expression of the same genes. The results further suggest that basal ethylene (system 1) is less likely to be involved in the transition to system 2. Even if the effect of system 1 ethylene is eliminated, fruit can show a small increase in ethylene production due to unknown developmental factors. This increase

would be enough for the stimulation of autocatalytic ethylene production, leading to fruit ripening.”
“A chelating polymer, poly(2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone hydrazone-formaldehyde)

[poly(DHBPH-F)], was synthesized OICR-9429 molecular weight by the polycondensation of 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone hydrazone with formaldehyde in the presence of oxalic acid as a catalyst. Poly(DHBPH-F) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and (1)H-NMR spectral data. The molecular weight of the polymer was determined by gel permeation chromatography. Polychelates were obtained when the dimethylformamide solution of the polymer containing a few drops of ammonia was treated with an aqueous solution of metal ions. Elemental analysis of the polychelates indicated that the metal-ligand ratio was 1: 2. The IR spectra of the polymer-metal complexes suggested that the metals were coordinated AZ 628 in vivo through the oxygen of the phenolic OH group and the nitrogen of the azomethine group. The electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic moment data indicated

a square planar configuration for Cu(II) chelate and an octahedral structure for Ni(II) chelate. The thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction data indicated that the incorporation of the metal ions significantly enhanced the degree of crystallinity. The polymerization initiation, electrical conductivity, and catalytic activity of the polychelates are discussed. Heavy-metal ions [viz., Cu(II) buy Volasertib and Ni(II)] were removed with this formaldehyde resin, and the metal-ion uptake efficiency at different pH’s, the nature and concentration of the electrolyte, and the reusability of the resin were also studied. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 2146-2152,2010″
“We study how the shape of parts obtained through the LASER cladding process can be controlled by application of an ac magnetic field by means of two simple physical models: a numerical and an experimental one. More specifically, we show that straight metallic joints of high aspect ratio can be obtained by using inductors of triangular cross-section that concentrate electromagnetic forces at the bottom of the joint.

“
“Surgery for correction of sagittal imbalance has frequent adverse events and complications. The most frequent cause of failure is inadequate correction of imbalance. The aim of this study is to verify the accuracy of three published methods R788 order (exact method by Ondra, FBI method by Le Huec and spinofemoral angle method by Lamartina) to preoperatively calculate the needed correction.

This is a retrospective cohort study.

Fifteen patients treated for correction of sagittal imbalance, with preoperative and postoperative lateral standing whole spine radiographs, were identified. Preoperative calculation of the amount

of needed correction has been done using these methods. In postoperative X-rays, the amount of correction obtained with and the degree of correction of sagittal imbalance have been measured.

The FBI and SFA methods obtain equivalent calculations of the amount of needed correction. The estimated correction angle with both methods is higher than that calculated with the exact trigonometric method. The difference between the latter and the former methods is equivalent to the observed

excess of pelvic tilt.”
“Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of stem bark from Laguncularia racemosa L were analyzed to determine their metabolites through phytochemical analysis and bactericidal activity using the agar dilution method. Phytochemical analysis mainly revealed the presence of tannins, but also detected saponins, among other compounds. Both extracts Selleckchem SHP099 showed antibacterial activity against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms included in the study, although ethanolic extract tended to be more active than aqueous extracts. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts at pH 5.0, 6.0 7.0 or 8.0 was not affected, the best antibacterial activity being founded at pH 8.0. Each bacteria tested was inhibited by stem bark extracts, even if microorganism presented resistance to one or various

commercial https://www.sellecn.cn/products/cbl0137-cbl-0137.html antibiotics, suggesting that bactericidal mechanism of bioactive metabolites contained in the extracts is independent of bacterial resistance.”
“Due to their properties and characteristics human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear to have great therapeutic potential. Many different populations of MSCs have been described and to understand whether they have equivalent biological properties is a critical issue for their therapeutic application.

We proposed to analyze the in vitro growth kinetics of MSCs derived from different body sites (iliac crest bone marrow, vertebrae bone marrow, colon mucosa, dental pulp).

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from vertebrae can be maintained in culture for a greater number of steps and they also generate mature cells of all mesenchymal lineages with greater efficiency, when induced into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation.

Endocardial catheter-based systems that have recently become available have to be further evaluated but might provide an option in this setting in the near future.”
“Background: New breast cancers occur in 25% to 30% of women <50 years of age. These young women undergo ablative surgery, chemotherapy, or hormonal/targeted treatment. These treatments have resulted in increased survival but at the expense of early menopause, marked by distressing vasomotor symptoms, sexual dysfunction, decreased metabolism, and musculoskeletal and cardiovascular effects.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed. This article reviews the evidence-based approaches to the treatment

of these distressing symptoms in young breast cancer survivors.

Results: click here Menopausal symptoms in young patients are typically more severe due to the abrupt and rapid decrease in estrogen, and chemotherapy and hormones worsen these ACP-196 symptoms. Evidence supporting the efficacy of most complementary therapies is scarce. Behavioral modification and yoga may be helpful in mild cases of vasomotor symptoms, whereas newer antidepressants are promising in moderate to severe cases, and stellate ganglion block may be used in refractory cases. Local vaginal moisturizers, and in refractory cases low-dose estrogen creams, may ameliorate

most urogenital symptoms. Bispbospbonates, vitamin D, and calcium can treat osteoporosis, and weight-bearing exercises decrease bone mineral density loss and help to control weight. Smoking cessation, exercise, and dietary modifications should be recommended to all young patients to decrease cardiac morbidity. At present, there is insufficient evidence to support any natural agent as a viable alternative to hormone replacement therapy to treat these symptoms.

Conclusions: No single agent can ameliorate vasomotor, cardiac, skeletal, and sexual concerns of young breast cancer survivors coping with menopausal symptoms. Quality-of-life

research involving premenopausal breast cancer survivors is lacking. Further study is needed to identify safe and effective treatments PHA-739358 in vivo for menopausal symptoms and to confirm their long-term safety in young breast cancer survivors.”
“A detailed structural Study involving in situ glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) analysis carried out on Pd nanoparticle and thin film samples at hydrogen concentrations of 2%, 5%, and 10% over temperature ranging from -100 to 55 degrees C and hydrogen pressures ranging from 250 to 1000 mbars is reported. Variation in the lattice constant has been interpreted in terms of hydrogen content in a and beta PdHx phases, and decrease in XRD peak intensity has been interpreted in terms of hydrogen induced degradation in crystalline quality and temperature induced lattice disorder. It is observed that Pd-H interaction is strongly influenced by the temperature and pressure dependences of physisorption, chemisorption, and diffusion.

The collapse pressure of PMMA monolayers decreases as the temperature is elevated. It was shown the area relaxation process of PMMA could be described by a model considering the nucleation and growth mechanisms. The simulation parameters

of area relaxation of PMMA with different molecular weights at 8 mN/m are very similar, indicating similar mechanisms. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 2615-2620, 2011″
“Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are typically associated with pharmacologically intractable gelastic seizures, which often develop into complex partial and/or generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The I-BET151 Epigenetics inhibitor transcallosal, anterior interforniceal (TAIF) approach to HH resection has been shown to be safe and to result in good seizure frequency reduction. We documented postsurgical cognitive functioning and examined whether using the TAIF approach with older adolescents selleck inhibitor and adults affected long-term cognitive outcome. Six older adolescents and adults, who had undergone resection of an HH using the TAIF approach, underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment at least 2 years postoperatively. Four of these individuals also had neuropsychological evaluation preoperatively. All participants who were assessed pre- and postoperatively demonstrated long-term improvement in perceptual/visuospatial function after surgery. Three of the

four participants also demonstrated

lasting reduction in memory function postoperatively. The TAIF approach to HH resection is associated with a high risk of long-term memory impairment in older adolescents www.sellecn.cn/products/LY2228820.html and adults. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“We design a high-efficiency two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) Y-branch waveguide formed as a heterostructure with two different triangular PhCs composed of air holes. At photonic-band frequency regions corresponding to circular equifrequency surfaces, the two PhCs could be taken as effective homogeneous media with effective refractive indices. A triangular coupler composed of the PhC is designed at the input port in order to divide the incident beam into two parts. The two parts finally propagate into different channels. A case demonstrated here shows that the total transmission of light passing through the Y-branch waveguide is about 91.2%. The propagation phenomena can be explained by the mechanism of total internal reflection very well. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3532048]“
“It is of practical importance to develop the tetra-needle-shaped ZnO whisker (T-ZnOw)-reinforced polymer composites that have isotropic properties. To give a guidance of material design and manufacture, it is necessary to have a theoretical analysis of the fracture mechanisms of this peculiar structure fiber in polymer composites.

All patients were assigned to receive radiotherapy (70 Gy to primary site). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to obtain survival outcomes.

Results:

The median follow up was 36 months. A chemotherapy clinical response (complete and partial) was observed in 51 patients (67.1%). The 2-year laryngeal preservation rate was 75%. Actuarial progression-free survival rates of 71% and 67% were observed at 2 and 3 years, respectively. Actuarial overall

survival rates were 83% and 71% at 2 and 3 years, respectively. Disease progression was seen in 26 patients (34.2%). Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 39 (51.3%) patients.

Conclusion:

Sequential check details chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-flurouracil followed by radiation may be an alternative to a laryngectomy R406 in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer.”
“PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after unilateral implantation or stepwise bilateral implantation of an apodized diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL).

SETTING: Private practice, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

METHODS: Patients requiring cataract surgery in 1 eye were recruited. AcrySof ReSTOR IOLs were implanted in 1 eye of patients with phakic contralateral eyes, patients with contralateral moncifocal IOLs, and patients with a contralateral multifocal IOL of the same model. Six months postoperatively, patients were assessed for visual acuity

(31.0 cm, 50.0 cm, 4.0 m), contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis. Patients were surveyed for visual disturbances and lifestyle visual quality.

RESULTS: Of unilateral multifocal IOL patients, 75% were satisfied with their vision (score 7.3 out of 10) and a majority (56% multifocal-phakic, 65% multifocal-monofocal) achieved spectacle independence. These values were slightly lower than values for bilateral multifocal patients (92% satisfied, 77% spectacle

independent), but not at a statistically significant level. Mean overall patient satisfaction was statistically significantly different: 8.9 for bilateral patients versus 7.3 for unilateral patients. Objectively, significant differences favored bilateral implantation over unilateral implantation for stereopsis, uncorrected near visual acuity, and best LY2835219 cost corrected near and intermediate visual acuities. Contrast sensitivity was similar between groups in most cases. The incidence of halos was lower in unilateral patients (57%) than in bilateral patients (77%), although the difference did not reach statistical significance.

CONCLUSION: Although unilateral implantation of a multifocal IOL provided patients with high levels of spectacle freedom and good visual acuity without compromising contrast sensitivity, overall clinical results favored bilateral implantation. J Cataract Refract Surg 2009; 35:1033-1039 (C) 2009 ASCRS and ESCRS”
“Two approaches to target PNAs (peptide nucleic acids) into mitochondria of HeLa cells were compared. In the first, PNA was modified with the lipophilic cation TPP.

RESULTS: The predictions by others of exon 3 skipping in specific DSPP mutations have been validated and a cryptic splicing donor site has been identified. However, the degree of mutational effect on

pre-mRNA splicing varied considerably depending on the changed nucleotide.

CONCLUSIONS: The predictions of exon 3 skipping in specific DSPP mutations have been validated, and a cryptic splicing donor site has been identified. Our data may provide insight into the contribution of DSPP mutations in the pathogenesis and genotype-phenotype correlations of hereditary dentin defects. Oral Diseases (2011) 17, 690-695″
“Background: In the United States, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability selleck inhibitor Act (HIPAA) protects the confidentiality selleckchem of patient data and requires the informed consent of the patient and approval of the Internal Review Board to use data for research purposes, but these requirements can be waived if data is de-identified. For clinical data to be considered de-identified, the HIPAA “”Safe Harbor”" technique requires 18 data elements (called PHI: Protected Health Information) to be removed. The de-identification of narrative text documents is often realized manually, and requires

significant resources. Well aware of these issues, several authors have investigated automated de-identification of narrative text documents from the electronic health record, and a review of recent research in this domain is presented here.

Methods: This review focuses on recently published research (after 1995), and includes relevant publications from bibliographic queries in PubMed, conference proceedings, the ACM Digital Library, and interesting publications referenced in already included papers.

Results: The literature search returned more than 200 publications. The majority focused only on structured data de-identification instead of narrative text, on

image de-identification, or described manual de-identification, and were therefore excluded. Finally, 18 publications describing automated text de-identification were selected for detailed analysis of the architecture and methods used, the types of PHI detected and removed, the external resources used, and the types of clinical documents targeted. All text de-identification VX-765 ic50 systems aimed to identify and remove person names, and many included other types of PHI. Most systems used only one or two specific clinical document types, and were mostly based on two different groups of methodologies: pattern matching and machine learning. Many systems combined both approaches for different types of PHI, but the majority relied only on pattern matching, rules, and dictionaries.

Conclusions: In general, methods based on dictionaries performed better with PHI that is rarely mentioned in clinical text, but are more difficult to generalize. Methods based on machine learning tend to perform better, especially with PHI that is not mentioned in the dictionaries used.