A coaxial feed method is proposed to excite both the forward and backward guided modes. The passband of the proposed structure ranges from 4.28GHz to 6.83GHz, below the cutoff frequency of the fundamental mode of the hollow waveguide (similar to 15 GHz). Physical size of the waveguide has been dramatically decreased. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3554268]“
“Secondary metabolites (SMs) play key roles in pathogen responses, although knowledge of their precise functions is limited

by insufficient characterization of their spatial response. The present study addressed this issue in Arabidopsis leaves by non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst-AvrRpm1) infected and adjacent uninfected leaf Dinaciclib molecular weight tissues. While overlap was observed between infected and uninfected areas, the non-targeted metabolite profiles of these regions differed quantitatively and clustering analysis underscores a differential distribution of SMs within

distinct metabolic pathways. Targeted metabolite profiling revealed that infected tissues accumulate more salicylic acid and the characteristic phytoalexin of Arabidopsis, camalexin, than uninfected adjacent areas. On the contrary, the antioxidant coumarin derivative, scopoletin, was induced in infected tissues while its glucoside scopolin predominated in adjacent tissues. To elucidate the still unclear relationship between the accumulation of SMs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and signalling, a catalase-deficient line (cat2) in which ROS selleck find more signalling is up-regulated, was used. Metabolic analysis of cat2 suggests that some SMs have important interactions with ROS in redox homeostasis during the hypersensitive response to Pst-AvrRpm1. Overall, the study demonstrates that ROS availability influences both the amount and the pattern of infection-induced SM accumulation.”
“Abdominal pseudocyst formation is a rare adult complication associated with ventriculoperitoneal

(VP) shunts. Presenting symptoms are primarily abdominal and include distention, pain and anorexia, and secondarily neurological with signs and symptoms of shunt malfunction. We describe a case of VP shunt-related pseudocyst formation presenting as symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse with stage 4 enterocele 4 years after VP shunt placement. The patient’s vaginal enterocele enlarged and became more symptomatic as intra-abdominal cyst formation expanded. Symptomatic relief of pelvic floor symptomatology including resolution of exteriorized prolapse was established by conservative measures and eventual VP shunt revision and removal. VP shunt malfunction may present as symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse and may require shunt removal or revision for resolution of symptoms.”
“Sintered [Nd(0.45)(La(r)Dy(1))(1/(r+1)*0.55)](2.6)Fe(14)B magnets (r = 1 to 3) were studied.