For each solvent, content of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and total anthocyanins were quantified. Antioxidant activity GW-572016 inhibitor of different extracts were screened using the ferric reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH center dot) radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and metal chelating activities. The results showed that 70% methanol is the best solvent for the extraction of anthocyanins (82.82 +/- 1.07 mg DGE/100 g DP), whereas, 70% acetone is the

best solvent for the extraction of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins (29.3 +/- 1.23 mg GAE/100 g DE; 18.5 +/- 0.07 mg QE/100 g DE and 5.37 +/- 0.22 mg TAE/100 g DE, respectively). Anthocyanic extracts have exhibited the higher reducing power (39 +/- 2.5 mg QE/100 g DE) and scavenging

activity (IC50 = 2.88 +/- 0.02 mg/mL), whereas the phenolic extracts have shown the highest metal chelating activity (18.53 +/- 0.4%). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Aim:

Endometriosis is defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus. The disease causes pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia and urinary symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and elastosonography CRM1 inhibitor for detecting rectosigmoid endometriosis and to compare the findings, in selected and symptomatic patients, with surgical specimens in order to select the best surgical strategy.

Material & Methods:

Sixty-three consecutive patients (mean age 34.2; range 25-50 years) with diagnosis of endometriosis were referred for rectal endosonography to evaluate the rectal involvement. Patients complained of abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, constipation

and dysmenorrhea. Sub-stenosis of the rectosigmoid lumen was found endoscopically in one patient (1.5%), bulging in 21 (33.3%), mucosal hyperemia or edema in one (1.5%), and no lesions in 39 patients (61.9%); LBH589 cost no abdominal masses or obstruction were reported. Each woman completed a self-administered 100-point questionnaire to evaluate endometriosis-related pain (intensity of symptoms: 0 = absent, 100 = unbearable). After clinical imaging evaluation, 10 symptomatic patients (mean age 32.2; range 26-45 years) were evaluated for surgery.

Results:

EUS detected endometriotic lesions in all patients as a hypoechoic mass, poorly vascularized with irregular, undefined margins. In cases where the rectosigmoid wall was involved, there was invasion of the fourth layer. All patients who were operated had histologic findings of endometriotic lesions involving the rectal wall, as indicated by EUS.

Conclusion:

EUS and elastosonography offers a non-invasive and sensitive technique to better define the endometriotic infiltration in the rectosigmoid wall.