This suggested different clonal origins of the lymphomas. It is clinically important to determine the origin of a second neoplasm because patients the site with a clonally related second lymphoma are usually treated with more intensive regimens, while those with a clonally unrelated lymphoma receive standard first-line therapy. The present case shows that, in the case of recurrent non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, not only histological confirmation but also genetic assessment is important to clarify the origin of the second lymphoma. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
Rasburicase is frequently used in tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Although it is very well tolerated, it can cause severe oxidative hemolytic anemia and methemoglobinemia in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.

We report another case of rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia in a patient with previously unrecognized G6PD deficiency and review the cases of methemoglobinemia and oxidative hemolysis reported in the literature to date. Patients from ethnicities in which G6PD deficiency is prevalent at high risk of TLS should be screened for G6PD deficiency prior to administration of rasburicase where practical. Asymptomatic decrease in oxygen saturation by oximetry and cyanosis are signs of methemoglobinemia; patients recover with conservative measures including supplemental oxygen and packed red cell transfusion. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
Background/Aim: Dysregulated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in several human malignancies.

Hh signaling Dacomitinib inhibitors are predicted to have a minimal effect when the Smoothened receptor is mutated. Implications that Gli proteins are molecular targets of arsenic trioxide (ATO) action prompted us to investigate the expression of Hh signaling in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and the influence of ATO on the Hh signaling pathway in APL. Methods: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were employed to analyze the expression of Hh pathway components and the influence of ATO on the Hh signaling pathway in APL. Results: The expression of Hh pathway components was significantly upregulated in APL. In newly diagnosed APL patients, Gli2 expression was significantly positively correlated with Gli1 (R = 0.57, p < 0.001) and Smo (R = 0.56, p < 0.

001) and the expression of Hh pathway components was significantly higher in the high WBC group (p < 0.05). ATO can significantly down-regulate the expression of Hh pathway components in vitro and in vivo (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Hh pathway is aberrantly activated in APL and associated with a bad prognostic factor. ATO can effectively that inhibit the expression of the Hh pathway. The obtained data give the first clinical evidence for the application of ATO in tumors exhibiting an aberrantly activated Hh pathway. Copyright (C) 2013 S.