Radiologic and clinical outcome were compared among groups and postoperative complications,

transfusion, time and cost of operation and duration of hospitalization were also investigated.

Radiologic fusion rate and clinical outcome were not different. Economic cost, transfusion and hospital stay were also similar. But operation time was significantly longer in IBG group than in other groups. There were no lasting complications associated with HA and LB group with contrast to five cases with persisting donor site pain in IBG group.

Porous hydroxyapatite bone chip is a useful bone graft extender in PLIF when used in conjunction with local decompressed bone.”
“BACKGROUND: Sulfadiazine (SD), a widely used antibiotic chemical, has been detected in contaminated water and soils. Manganese dioxides are common minerals with a high GSK461364 cost redox potential and can act as active oxidants for SD degradation in wastewater treatment.

RESULTS: alpha-MnO2 was used to promote SD oxidative degradation. At pH 4.6 and 25 degrees C, 92.7% of SD (0.02 mmol L-1) was degraded by 1.0 g L-1 alpha-MnO2. SO42- was detected as the inorganic end product from the mineralization of SD. The ecological toxicity

index of average well color development (AWCD) in SD solution Cediranib was 2.01 after the solution was degraded by alpha-MnO2 for 2 h, while the AWCD was 0.48 for the solution without alpha-MnO2 treatment. The degradation rate of SD can be improved by increasing the dosages of alpha-MnO2 and the reaction temperature, but the rate was limited by increased initial SD concentration and reaction pH.

CONCLUSION:

SD can be effectively degraded and mineralized with alpha-MnO2. These results are helpful for removing antibiotics GDC-0973 by manganese dioxides in the environment, and also for exploring new technology for wastewater treatment. (C) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Contents Four different aquaporins (AQP1, 2, 5 and 9), integral membrane water channels that facilitate rapid passive movement of water, were immuno-localized in the excurrent ducts collected from sexually mature cats during orchiectomy. Aquaporins 1, 2 and 9, were immuno-localized at distinct levels, whereas AQP5 was undetectable all along the feline genital tract. No immunoreactivity was present at the level of the rete testis with any of the antibodies tested. In the efferent ducts, AQP1-immunoreactivity was strongly evidenced at the apical surface of the non-ciliated cells, and AQP9-immunoreactivity was shown at the periphery of both ciliated and non-ciliated cells. Aquaporins 2 was absent in the caput epididymidis, either in the efferent ducts or in the epididymal duct. Otherwise, AQP2 was increasingly localized at the adluminal surface of principal cells from the corpus to the cauda epididymidis and more weakly in the vas deferens epithelium.