PubMedCrossRef 11. Abou-Ghazal M, Yang DS, Qiao W: The incidence, correlation with tumor-infiltrating inflammation, and prognosis of phosphorylated STAT3 expression in human gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2008, 14:8228–8235.PubMedCrossRef 12. Heinrich PC, Behrmann I, Haan S, Hermanns HM, Muller-Newen G, Schaper F: Principles of interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokine signaling and its regulation. Biochem J 2003, 374:1–20.PubMedCrossRef
13. Haque SJ, Sharma P: Interleukins and STAT Signaling. Vitam Horm 2006, 74:165–206.PubMedCrossRef 14. Horvath CM: STAT proteins and transcriptional responses to AC220 research buy extracellular signals. Trends Biochem Sci 2000, 25:496–502.PubMedCrossRef 15. Nirogacestat manufacturer Yu CL, Meyer DJ, Campbell GS: Enhanced DNA-binding activity of a Stat3-related protein in cells transformed by the Src oncoprotein. Science 1995, 269:81–83.PubMedCrossRef 16. Li L, Shaw PE: A STAT3 dimer formed by inter-chain disulphide bridging during oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004, 322:1005–1011.PubMedCrossRef 17. Brantley EC, Benveniste EN: Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3: a molecular hub for signaling pathways in gliomas. Mol Cancer Res 2008, 6:675–684.PubMedCrossRef 18. Rahaman EPZ-6438 in vivo SO, Harbor PC, Chernova O, Barnett GH, Vogelbaum MA, Haque SJ: Inhibition of constitutively
active Stat3 suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme cells. Oncogene 2002, 21:8404–8413.PubMedCrossRef 19. Lo HW, Cao X, Zhu H, Ali-Osman F: Constitutively activated STAT3 frequently coexpresses with epidermal growth factor receptor in high-grade gliomas and targeting STAT3 sensitizes them to Iressa and alkylators. Clin Cancer Res 2004, 14:6042–6054.CrossRef 20. Weissenberger J, Loeffler S, Kappeler A, Kopf M, Lukes A, Afanasieva TA, Aguzzi A, Weis J: IL-6 is required for glioma development in a mouse model. Oncogene 2004, 23:3308–3316.PubMedCrossRef 21. Ren W, Duan Y, Yang Y, Ji Y, Chen F: Down-regulation of Stat3 induces apoptosis of human glioma cell: a potential method to treat brain cancer. Neurol Res 2008, 30:297–301.PubMedCrossRef 22. Cuevas Plasmin P, Dı’az-Gonza’lez D, Sa’nchez I: Dobesilate
inhibits the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and the expression of cyclin D1 and bcl-XL in glioma cells. Neurol Res 2006, 28:127–130.PubMedCrossRef 23. Arese M, Chen Y, Florkiewicz RZ, Gualandris A, Shen B, Rifki DB: Nuclear activities of basic fibroblast growth factor: potentiation of low-serum growth mediated by natural or chimeric nuclear localization signals. Mol Biol Cell 1999, 10:1429–1444.PubMed 24. Hu G, Kim H, Xu C, Riordan JF: Fibroblast growth factors are translocated to the nucleus of human endothelial cells in a microtubule- and lysosome-independent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000, 273:551–556.PubMedCrossRef 25. Bottcher RT, Niehrs C: Fibroblast growth factor signaling during early vertebrate development. Endocr Rev 2005, 26:63–77.PubMedCrossRef 26.