“
“Objective: To obtain quantitative data on the progression of the most common spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) and identify factors that influence their progression, we initiated the EUROSCA natural history study, a multicentric longitudinal cohort study of 526 patients with SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, or SCA6. We report the results of the 1-and 2-year follow-up visits.\n\nMethods: As the primary outcome measure we used the Scale for www.selleckchem.com/products/wnt-c59-c59.html the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA, 0-40), and as a secondary measure the Inventory of Non-Ataxia Symptoms (INAS, 0-16) count.\n\nResults:

The annual increase of the SARA score was greatest in SCA1 (2.18 +/- 0.17, mean +/- SE) followed by SCA3 (1.61 +/- 0.12) and SCA2 (1.40 +/- 0.11). SARA progression in SCA6 was slowest and nonlinear (first year: 0.35 +/- 0.34, second year: 1.44 +/- 0.34). Analysis of the INAS count yielded similar results. Larger expanded repeats and earlier age at onset were associated with faster SARA progression in SCA1 and SCA2. In SCA1, repeat length of the expanded allele had a similar effect on INAS progression. In SCA3, SARA progression was influenced PKC412 in vitro by the disease duration

at inclusion, and INAS progression was faster in females.\n\nConclusions: Our study gives a comprehensive quantitative account of disease progression in SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA6 and identifies factors that specifically affect disease progression. Neurology (R) 2011; 77: 1035-1041″
“A newly developed mesoporous

mixed metal oxide (K-Cu-TiO2) catalyst is capable of highly selective, gas-phase benzyl alcoholbenzaldehyde transformation at excellent yields (>99%) under surprisingly low temperatures (203 degrees C, bp of benzyl alcohol). The tow-temperature reaction conditions and integration of K and Cu(I) components into the TiO2 matrix are of vital importance for the stabilization of an active Cu(I) oxidation state and resultant stable, excellent catalytic performance.”
“The accuracy of dynamical models for reactive scattering of molecular hydrogen, H(2), from metal surfaces is relevant to the validation of first principles electronic BLZ945 datasheet structure methods for molecules interacting with metal surfaces. The ability to validate such methods is important to progress in modeling heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we study vibrational excitation of H(2) on Cu(111) using the Born-Oppenheimer static surface model. The potential energy surface (PES) used was validated previously by calculations that reproduced experimental data on reaction and rotationally inelastic scattering in this system with chemical accuracy to within errors <= 1 kcal/mol approximate to 4.2 kJ/mol [D az C, et al. (2009) Science 326: 832-834]. Using the same PES and model, our dynamics calculations underestimate the contribution of vibrational excitation to previously measured time-of-flight spectra of H(2) scattered from Cu(111) by a factor 3.