It takes subcutaneous administration and is believed to act by improving regulatory T cell immunity. In addition, it might also provide antiglutamatergic and growth factor stimulating effects. 123 Outcomes of pre-clinical studies are limited and inconsistent, some studies discovered that it prolongs survival in SOD1 mutant mice, 124 while others didn’t. 125 In a phase II trial conducted on 20 ALS patients the drug influenced the immune system at the dosage studied and showed safe, well-tolerated results. 126 A recently available large scale small molecule Aurora Kinases inhibitor double blind, randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial on 366 ALS patients established safety and tolerability of glatiramer acetate at a dose of 40 mg/day but did not show any beneficial effect of the drug on rate of deterioration of the ALS FRS scale, or time to death, tracheostomy or permanent assisted ventilation. 127 Further studies are required. AM 1241 Cannabinoids produce anti-inflammatory activities via cannabinoid receptor 1 and 2 and delay the development of neuroinflammation. 128 AM 1241 is really a selective agonist in the CB2 cannabinoid receptors, which are considerably up regulated in irritated neural tissues associated with CNS disorders. 128 Animal reports on SOD1 mutant mice reported Eumycetoma the treatments at symptom on-set can considerably prolong survival. 128, 129 However, there’s no experience with this particular compound on humans and administration probably will be parenteral. 23 Celastrol Celastrol, a pure product from southern China, has multiple effects that can be strongly related ALS. It puts efficient anti inflammatory and antioxidative effects, by elimination of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 1B, and nitric oxide. 23 Additionally it acts potently to increase expression of heat-shock proteins. 130 The oral administration before the onset of symptoms notably improved weight loss, engine efficiency and delayed the onset of ALS in SOD1 transgenic mice. 130 But, there is too little safety and pharmacokinetic data in humans with ALS. 23 Thalidomide Thalidomide, is an old sedative and now is used again in the treatment of leprosy, myeloma and cachexia. It has several interesting mechanisms of action for neurodegenerative potent c-Met inhibitor disorders such as ALS, including suppression of TNF. 23 When administered orally to SOD1 mutant rats, it increased motor performance, decreased motor neuron cell death, and somewhat prolonged expected life. 131 However a small open-label study found no improvement in progression of the illness. Moreover, therapy with thalidomide was connected with many negative effects. 132 Further clinical studies are but underway. 24 Because of thalidomide s negative effects, lenalidomide may give you a safer choice. 131, 133 Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Iis a lipoxygenase inhibitor that improves glutamate uptake in engine neuronal cells and inhibits TNF activation of microglia134. 135 A recently available animal study on SOD1 transgenic mice found that nordihydroguaiaretic acid slowed motor dysfunction and extends survival.