Because the two components

have equal molar volumes and do not exhibit a change in molar volume when mixed, their regular solution behavior can be understood by the application of a statistical mixing model, i.e., a quasi-chemical model. Quasi-chemical model The energy of the solution is the sum of its interatomic bond energies. Consider 1 mol of a mixed crystal containing NA atoms of A and NB atoms of B such that (2) where N O is Avogadro’s number. The mixed crystal, or solid solution, contains three types of atomic bond: A-A bonds, B-B bonds, and A-B bonds. A-A bonds the energy of each of which is UAA, B-B bonds the energy of each of which is UBB, A-B bonds the energy of each of which is UAB. If in the solution, there are PAA A-A bonds,

PBB B-B bonds, and PAB A-B bonds, the energy of the solution U is obtained as the linear combination see more (3) and the problem of calculating U becomes one of BLZ945 chemical structure calculating the values of P AA, P BB, and P AB. Thus, (4) The change in volume is negligible. Since ΔV M = 0, (5) Ideal mixing requires the condition U AB = U AA = U BB. If ΔH M = 0, the mixing of the NA atoms with the NB atoms of B is random. (6) The quasi-chemical model is a statistical mixing model in Gibbs free energy. According to Equations 5 and 6, the mixing Gibbs free energy will be presented. In the ‘Results and discussion’ section, the dipole energy in Gibbs free energy was utilized to consider the optical properties with different frequencies of incident light. Results and discussion The probability that a neighboring pair of sites contains an A-B pair is 2X A X B, an A-A pair is X A 2, and B-B pair is X B 2, and The quasi-chemical model is a statistical mixing model that describes the mixing cluster. The difference in Gibbs

energy is presented as follows: (7) Combining Equations 5 and 6 with Equation 7 Selleck PARP inhibitor produces the following: (8) Because P AB = 2X A X B, (9) The Gibbs free energy of the solution is as follows: (10) After applying the electric field , (11) where is the induced dipole moment of metamaterial, aminophylline is the induced dipole moment of material A, is the induced dipole moment of material B, and is the induced dipole moment due to the interaction of materials A and B. The Gibbs energy was subtracted when applying an electric field from that without applying one, as follows: (12) Because , the above equation can be rewritten as follows: (13) (14) The dielectric function of the mixed material includes the interaction term and independent terms ϵ A X A 2 and ϵ B X B 2. When is assumed to be an experience constant, Λ, the dielectric function of mixing material is reduced to the following form: (15) The Newton formula [17] is used to apply these concepts to the clustered material.