9 cm, and 71% of the deposits that measured less than 3.0 cm in diameter. However, in that report, the rate of pCR in patients with deposits larger than 5 cm [H2 or H3 according to the Japanese classification (9)] was not stated. Interestingly, Adam et al. reported that the radiological disappearance of liver deposits (rCR) is not consistent with a pCR (8). Benoist et al. performed extensive hepatectomies in patients with non-detectable liver deposits (rCR) in order to perform R0 resection (10). Histopathologically, only 20% of lesions with rCR are detected to show a pCR. Based on these findings, confirming a pCR before

performing liver surgery remains difficult. Four factors have been reported to be independent predictive factors of pCRs: Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical age 60 years or younger, Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical metastases measuring 3 cm or smaller at diagnosis, a CEA level of 30 ng/mL or less at diagnosis and the occurrence

of an objective response following chemotherapy (8). The present Rapamycin msds patient exhibited only an objective response following chemotherapy and did not fulfill the other three criteria. This finding may indicate why this case is considered rare. Concerning the chemotherapeutic regimens leading to a pCR, Adam et al. reported that the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical majority of patients (66%) who show a pCR received FOLFOX, 7% received cetuximab and none had received bevacizumab (8). Rubbia-Brandt et al. showed that pCRs are obtained only in patients who receive FOLFOX or FOLFOXIRI and not in patients who receive treatment combined with cetuximab or bevacizumab (6). Inoue et al. reported the case of a patient with four liver metastases measuring 2.0 cm or smaller in http://www.selleckchem.com/products/nutlin-3a.html diameter who showed a pCR after receiving modified FOLFOX6 Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical + Bev (11). There are few reports of pCRs occurring after treatment with XELOX or XELOX + Bev. Klinger et al. reported that three of 50 patients (6%) receiving XELOX or FOLFOX showed a pCR, while 10 of the other 50 patients (20%) receiving XELOX + Bev showed a pCR (12). It was unclear whether patients with H2 liver metastases showed pCRs in their report. However, as shown in prospective studies, the administration Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of XELOX + Bev

before hepatectomy can be effective for both initially unresectable (13) and resectable CRLM (14), and XELOX + Bev as neoadjuvant chemotherapy administered before hepatectomy seems to increase the Drug_discovery rate of pCR. Regarding the optimal duration of chemotherapy, Adam et al. (8) reported that the median number of chemotherapeutic cycles in patients who show a pCR is eight and that 62% of pCRs occur after the administration of first line chemotherapy. Klinger et al. showed that 20% of pCRs occur after six cycles of XELOX + Bev based on the evaluation of pathological responses among resected patients in a prospective study of six cycles of FOLFOX or XELOX +/- Bev (13,15). The patient in our case report showed a pCR after undergoing nine cycles of XELOX + Bev as the first line treatment.