Materials and methods: The genotyping for P2X7 was carried out using PCR and RFLP analysis in 256 individuals, which included 156 active PTB patients and 100

age and sex, matched healthy volunteers with no clinical symptoms or family history of PTB as controls.

Results: A chi square test showed a significant difference between the PTB patient and controls for -762 C allele; p = 0.0051 (OR 1.6972, CI 95% 1.1839 to 2.4332) and 1729 T allele was found to be positively associated with the PTB; p < 0.0005 (OR-2.4623, CI 95% 1.6376 to 3.7022). 1513A/C polymorphism did not show any significant Screening Library order difference between the two groups.

Significance: The study revealed a significant association of P2X7-762C allele and P2X7 1729T allele receptor polymorphisms with PTB in Asian Indian population. The use of these alleles as biomarkers for identifying individuals at high risk of developing TB needs to be ascertained.”
“Objective: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces the incidence of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal infections. The present study investigated if an automated PCR-assay, used bedside by the labor ward personnel was manageable

and could decrease the use of IAP in a setting with a risk-based IAP strategy.

Methods: this website The study comprises two phases. Phase 1 was a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Women with selected risk-factors were allocated either R788 ic50 to PCR-IAP (prophylaxis given if positive or indeterminate) or IAP. A vaginal/rectal swab and superficial swabs from the neonate for conventional culture were also obtained.

Phase 2 was non-randomized, assessing an improved version of the assay.

Results: Phase 1 included 112 women in the PCR-IAP group and 117 in the IAP group. Excluding indeterminate results, the assay showed a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 90%. In 44 % of the PCR assays the result was indeterminate. The use of IAP was lower in the PCR group (53 versus 92%). Phase 2 included 94 women. The proportion of indeterminate results was reduced (15%). The GBS colonization rate was 31%.

Conclusion: The PCR assay, in the hands of labor ward personnel, can be useful for selection of women to which IAP should be offered.”
“Cryptococcus spp. are common causes of mycoses in immunocompromised patients. To determine the drug susceptibilities of clinical Cryptococcus spp. isolates, the characteristics of 61 clinical Cryptococcus spp. complex isolates and their antifungal susceptibilities were investigated, including 52 C. neoformans and 9 C. gattii isolates collected at Shanghai between 1993 and 2009. Antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, and flucytosine were determined by the microdilution method M27-A2 and the ATB FUNGUS 3 kit. The 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) and susceptibility ranges were as follows: 1 (0.